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Wolfram Language
QuantumFramework
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Tech Notes
Bell's Theorem
Circuit Diagram
Exploring Fundamentals of Quantum Theory
QPU Service Connection
Quantum object abstraction
Quantum Optimization
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Symbols
QuantumBasis
QuantumChannel
QuantumCircuitMultiwayGraph [EXPERIMENTAL]
QuantumCircuitOperator
QuantumDistance
QuantumEntangledQ
QuantumEntanglementMonotone
QuantumEvolve
QuantumMeasurement
QuantumMeasurementOperator
QuantumMeasurementSimulation
QuantumMPS [EXPERIMENTAL]
QuantumOperator
QuantumPartialTrace
QuantumPhaseSpaceTransform
QuantumShortcut [EXPERIMENTAL]
QuantumStateEstimate [EXPERIMENTAL]
QuantumState
QuantumTensorProduct
QuantumWignerMICTransform [EXPERIMENTAL]
QuantumWignerTransform [EXPERIMENTAL]
QuditBasis
QuditName
Wolfram`QuantumFramework`
Q
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Examples
(
2
6
)
Basic Examples
(
5
)
Generate the Wigner transformation a quantum state in the phase space:
I
n
[
1
]
:
=
ρ
=
Q
u
a
n
t
u
m
S
t
a
t
e
[
"
R
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d
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M
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x
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d
"
,
3
]
;
Q
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[
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]
O
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[
2
]
=
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P
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:
1
T
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:
V
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D
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:
9
P
i
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e
:
P
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S
p
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e
It is the same as the basis transformation of the doubled state into the corresponding Wigner basis:
Q
u
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t
u
m
S
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e
ρ
[
"
D
o
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b
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]
,
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[
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[
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]
]
]
%
T
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u
e
For odd dimensions, PhaseSpace as a property of a quantum state has the dimension
d
×
d
:
I
n
[
1
]
:
=
ρ
=
Q
u
a
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S
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[
"
R
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d
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M
i
x
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d
"
,
3
]
;
M
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F
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[
ρ
[
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P
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]
]
O
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[
1
]
=
0
.
1
0
8
2
4
2
0
.
1
6
3
7
5
2
0
.
2
0
0
0
7
2
0
.
1
6
7
3
6
0
.
1
9
3
3
7
2
-
0
.
0
2
6
5
8
6
0
.
1
9
3
7
7
1
-
0
.
0
2
1
2
7
0
.
0
2
1
2
8
7
4
The state vector in the Wigner basis corresponds to PhaseSpace representation of the state:
I
n
[
2
]
:
=
Q
u
a
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t
u
m
W
i
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T
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f
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[
ρ
]
[
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S
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V
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"
]
F
l
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@
ρ
[
"
P
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S
p
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]
O
u
t
[
2
]
=
T
r
u
e
For even dimensions, PhaseSpace has the dimension
2
d
×
2
d
:
I
n
[
1
]
:
=
d
=
4
;
ρ
=
Q
u
a
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m
S
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a
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[
"
R
a
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M
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x
e
d
"
,
d
]
;
ρ
[
"
P
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S
p
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]
O
u
t
[
1
]
=
S
p
a
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s
e
A
r
r
a
y
S
p
e
c
i
f
i
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d
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m
e
n
t
s
:
6
4
D
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
s
:
{
8
,
8
}
This implies that the PhaseSpace of even dimensions has some extra dependent elements. It has been discussed in more details later.
If we partition the PhaseSpace into four blocks of the dimension
d
×
d
, the upper left one corresponds to the StateVector of the Wigner transformation:
I
n
[
2
]
:
=
Q
u
a
n
t
u
m
W
i
g
n
e
r
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
[
ρ
]
[
"
S
t
a
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e
V
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c
t
o
r
"
]
F
l
a
t
t
e
n
[
ρ
[
"
P
h
a
s
e
S
p
a
c
e
"
]
〚
;
;
d
,
;
;
d
〛
]
O
u
t
[
2
]
=
T
r
u
e
Winger transformation of an operator:
I
n
[
1
]
:
=
o
p
=
Q
u
a
n
t
u
m
W
i
g
n
e
r
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
Q
u
a
n
t
u
m
O
p
e
r
a
t
o
r
[
"
X
"
]
O
u
t
[
1
]
=
Q
u
a
n
t
u
m
O
p
e
r
a
t
o
r
P
i
c
t
u
r
e
:
P
h
a
s
e
S
p
a
c
e
A
r
i
t
y
:
1
D
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
:
4
→
4
Q
u
d
i
t
s
:
1
→
1
Show its representation in the phase space:
I
n
[
2
]
:
=
T
r
a
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
o
r
m
[
o
p
]
O
u
t
[
2
]
=
1
0
0
1
0
0
+
2
0
0
2
0
0
-
4
0
0
4
0
0
-
3
0
0
3
0
0
Wigner transformation of a quantum circuit (pay attention to wire dimensions):
I
n
[
1
]
:
=
q
c
=
Q
u
a
n
t
u
m
W
i
g
n
e
r
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
Q
u
a
n
t
u
m
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
O
p
e
r
a
t
o
r
[
"
B
e
l
l
"
]
;
q
c
[
"
D
i
a
g
r
a
m
"
,
"
S
h
o
w
W
i
r
e
D
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
s
"
T
r
u
e
]
O
u
t
[
1
]
=
Return the result of circuit on a register state:
I
n
[
2
]
:
=
q
c
[
]
[
"
A
m
p
l
i
t
u
d
e
s
"
]
O
u
t
[
2
]
=
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
6
,
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
,
1
0
0
4
0
0
0
,
1
0
0
3
0
0
0
,
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
,
2
0
0
2
0
0
1
1
6
,
2
0
0
4
0
0
0
,
2
0
0
3
0
0
0
,
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
,
4
0
0
2
0
0
0
,
4
0
0
4
0
0
1
1
6
,
4
0
0
3
0
0
0
,
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
,
3
0
0
2
0
0
0
,
3
0
0
4
0
0
0
,
3
0
0
3
0
0
-
1
1
6
Check that the Weyl transformation of the outcome is the same as the Bell state:
I
n
[
3
]
:
=
Q
u
a
n
t
u
m
W
e
y
l
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
[
q
c
[
]
]
[
"
F
o
r
m
u
l
a
"
]
O
u
t
[
3
]
=
1
2
|
0
0
〉
+
1
2
|
1
1
〉
S
c
o
p
e
(
9
)
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
&
E
x
t
e
n
s
i
o
n
s
(
4
)
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
(
6
)
I
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
v
e
E
x
a
m
p
l
e
s
(
2
)
S
e
e
A
l
s
o
Q
u
a
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t
a
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▪
Q
u
a
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a
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i
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▪
Q
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O
p
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▪
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"
"