By default, CycleDecomposition return the lengths of the cycles.
In[3]:=
CycleDecomposition
[Range[20],f]
Out[3]=
{15,3,2}
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With option Type"CCD" the cycles are displayed in canonical cycle decomposition (largest element in each cycle in the front, sorted in increasing order according to first element).
With option Type"RCCD" the cycles are displayed in reverse canonical cycle decomposition (least element in each cycle in the front, sorted in increasing order according to first element).